Cutting machine



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Aug. 26, 1941. w. w. PEARsoN 2,254,046

CUTTING r'mcHINla:-

Filed June 15, 1938 5 Sheets-Sheet l ATTORNEY A NQ www@ .NN n. we. ..HWi; P r, f TQ ww a ::2%:2: 1 j zwmwb3 Q mm l QH@ o aww w m /M a rw I. m MQU am I. MyW wm h ,HBF IHI .mm MV L fw MMG e@ S www Aug. 26, 1941.

W. W. PEARSON CUTTING MACHINE Filed June 15, 1938 5 Sheets-Sheet 2INVENTOR /Z/am Pd/limit am WM ,Q4 ATTORNEY -vv' ull HU Aug. 26, 1941.

w. W. PEARsoN CUTTING MACHINE ATTpRNEY Aug. 26, 1941 W. W. PEARSONCUTTING MACHINE 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed June 15, 1938 www Nm, EN

INVENToR Milian/V 10m/rsa@ BY @M f@ ATTORNEY *vul b" Aug. 26, 1941.

w. w. PEARsoN CUTTING MACHINE Filed June l5, 1958 5 Sheets-Sheet 5INVENTOR ATTORNEY .William Patented Aug. 26, 1941 UNITED STATESPATENTOFFICE 2,254,046 CUTTINGQylVIACHINE William W. Pearson, Rahway, N. J.

Application June 15, 1938, Serial N 213,749

Claims. 5cl. 12s- 13) This invention relates to cutting machines andgenerally to machines used for sawing or cutting tile and the like. Moreparticularly, the invention relates to improvements in machines of thatclass in which the tile to be cut is placed upon a movable carriage andfed toward a rotating cutter tion in machines of this character isprovided in that a tile cutting machine may be constructed in compactlight form for easy portability without sacrificing rigidity. Means areprovided for automatic variable speed control of the carriage or platenupon which the work piece to be cut is carried past the rotary cutter.Also, means are provided for vertical adjustment of the cutting edge -ofthe rotary cutter relative to the work piece which may be held in properposition during the cutting operation by a quickly releasable andreadily adjustable hold-down device.

Under modern construction methods and design the use of faced tile forpartitions and walls is increasingly expanding. At the present time,particularly on large buildings where partitions and walls areconstructed or faced with tile, it is usually more economical for thecontractor to purchase tile of standard sizes.

In cases where the standard sizes must be cut to meet existingconditions, the tile is cut on the job as the work proceeds.Accordingly, it is desirable to have a machine which may be easilymoved. At the same time the machine should be rapid in operation withoutlost motion and easily adjustable since the average job requires cuttingthe tile in innumerable sizes for proper fitting into the various oddsized spaces encountered. Furthermore, nished edges of the cut tileshould be such as to conform to the nished edges of the standard uncutsizes to avoid unsightly joints and to add to the aesthetic appearanceof the nished job. The present invention accomplishes the foregoingdesirable results, in addition to others more specifically mentionedhereinafter.

Moreover, a machine of the character herein contemplated should not,when operated, produce dust that becomes dispersed in the atmospheresurrounding the workmen, since tile dust is often of such nature as tocause silicosis if workmen labor in such a dust laden atmosphere.Provision is made, according to the present invention, to avoid thisvery undesirable consequence.

Although the novel features which are believed to be characteristic ofthis invention will be particularly pointed out in the claims appendedhereto, the invention itself, as to its objects and advantages, and themanner in which it may be carried out, may be better understood byreferring to the following description taken in connec.. tion with theaccompanying drawings forming a part hereof. in which Fig. 1 is a frontview in elevation of the machine;

Fig. la is a view in cross-section of a settling tank;

Fig. 2 is a view in perspective in larger scale of a typical tile aftersawing;

Fig. 3 is a view on line 3--3 of Fig. l;

Fig. 4'is a view in elevation and partly in section on line 4 4 of Fig.3;

Fig. 5 is a view on line 5-5 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is-a side View in elevation of the tile hold-down device, on line6 6 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 is atop plan view of the tile hold-down device;

Fig. 8 is an enlarged view partly in cross-section of a variable iiowcheck valve of the oil circulating system on line 8-8 of Fig. 3*;

Fig. 9 is a view in plan of a moiielmform of back stop;

Fig. 10 is a view in cross-section of a four-way.

operating valve of the oil circulating system;

Fig 11 is a view on line ll-ll of Fig. 10; and

Fig. l2 is a diagrammatic representation of the oil and watercirculating systems.

To explain the principle of machines contemplated by this invention,certain specific apparatus is hereinafter described illustrating apreferred embodiment which has been constructed and made available tothe trade. Various details are identified by specilic names forconvenience, but they are intended to be as generic in their applicationas the state of the art will permit. Like reference characters denoteparts in the several figures of the drawings.

Referring to the drawings, the machine is mounted on a pair of steelchannels l0 and l( having bolted thereto a pair of Wooden handles l2 andi3 to facilitate carrying the machine manually from place to place. Themain steel channels l0 and Il are connected with suitable crosschannels, two of which are shown in Fig. '5 at I4 and l5. Two crosschannels (E and ll not only serve to give additional rigidity to thebase assembly, but have a further function to be described in moredetail hereinafter.

The rotary cutter assembly or head, designated generally by referencecharacter 20, comprises a rotary circular saw 2| mounted on a shaft 22journaled at 23 in motor casing 24 mounted on an arm 2S. Circular saw2'I may be of carborundum suitably bonded. A circular bladeapproximately fourteen inches in diameter and approximately one-eighthinch thick and made of material known in the trade-as resinol," has beenfound to operate very satisfactorily. Fixed to the shaft 22 is a gear 25meshing with a gear 2B xed to the armature shaft 21 of an electric motor28. The motor 28 is mounted on a laterally extending arm 29 fixed to avertically adjustable hollow sleeve 3|). It will be noted that shaft 21is offset from shaft 22 which permits of lowering the cutting blade 2|,particularly when the blade wears away from usage, without interferenceof the motor casing with tile being cut on the machine. A guard 3| forthe rotary blade 2| is fixed also to the motor casing 24.

The sleeve 36 supporting the arm 29 to which the motor 28 is attached isslidab'ly mounted'on a hollow pillar 32. The upper end 33 of the sleeve36 is provided with an opening 34 to accommodate a jack screw 35 havingkeyed thereto an annular iiange 36 and a handle wheel 31. The upper end38 of hollow pillar 32 is provided with an opening 39 threaded toreceive the jack screw 35. Consequently, upon turning the wheel handle31 the sleeve 30 may be caused to be raised and lowered as desired,which in turn permits of vertical adjustment of the motor 28 and rotaryblade 2|.

The lower end of the hollow pillar 32 is supported and fixed on the basechannels |2, |4 and l5. A flexible leather boot 40 is fixed at its upperend 4| to the lower end of sleeve 30 and at' its lower end 42 to acollar 43 clamped and fixed on the base of the machine. This bootprevents dirt or dust from contacting 'the bearing surfaces of thesleeve 36 and pillar 32.

The pillar 32 is provided with a key way 44. A key 45 fitting thereinengages a screw 46 extending through a threaded opening 41 in the sleeve30. A handle 48 fixed 'to the screw facilitates turning the screw. Itwill be observed that the screw 45 has a pintle 49 extending into anopening 53 in the key. This arrangement permits of locking the sleeveand prevents it from rotating and likewise provides a means formaintaining the motor and rotary saw 2| free from undue vibration inproper position when it is adjusted to desired height. Moreover, the key45 may be easily unlocked to permit of quick adjustment of the saw 2'|to any desirable height. Thus, the rotary saw any tile thickness or forany desired depth of cut in the tile being handled in the machine.

A laterally movable platen or carriage, designated generally byreference character 5|, is provided. This carriage comprises a worksupporting top 52 which may be cast aluminum or other suitable material,having downwardly extending leg members 53 and 54. The work supportingsurface 52a of the carriage top 52 is grooved or rabbeted so that wateror other cooling liquid used in the cutting operation will drain intothe trough 55 provided around the work supporting surface 52a.

The carriage is supported on wheels which ride in the channels |6 andI1. ed to rotate on shafts 51 fixed to the leg members 53 and 54 ride onthe inner surfaces 58 and 59 of the lower anges of channels |6 and |1.These wheels carry the weight of the carriage.

In addition to the four wheels 56 which support ff the weight of thecarriage, there is provided in each of the leg members 53 and 54 a'diagonal slot 60 through which extend adjustably and xedly mountedshafts 6|. These shafts 6| may be clamped in the slots by means of nuts62. 11

Mounted for rotation on each of the shafts 6| are wheels 63 which areadjusted to contact and roll on the inner surfaces 6'4 and '65 of theupper fianges of the channels |6 and |1. By means of these verticallyadjustable wheels 63 the car- 2| may be adjusted for Wheels 56mountriage may be moved back and forth on the track- -'When adjusted forany given it is then a simple matter to ways thus provided by thechannels without any undesirable play.

To prevent undesirable side play or shimmying of the carriage, a brassrail 66 is provided for each of the upper webs of the channels I6 andI1, and bolts 61 extending through the leg members 53 and 54 areadjusted so that their end surfaces 68 will contact and ride along theedges of the brass rails 66 which provide bearing surfaces.

It will now be apparent that provision is made for adjusting thecarriage to prevent up and down and sidewise play and in the event thatthese' parts become worn by use, the arrangement just described makespossible for ready adjustment so that the carriage will always operatewithout undue vibration. This is irnportan-t since in light machinesthere is likelihood of undue vibration being transmitted to the workpiece which not only inhibits proper cutting but also has a bad effectupon the cutting saw and may result in its breakage. The foregoingdescribed arrangement of the platen or carriage avoids this undesirableresult.

Fixedly mounted on the carriage 5| is a holddown device designatedgenerally by the reference character 16. It comprises a verticallyextending stanchion 1| and a slotted, horizontally extending arm 12which is slidably mounted on the stanchion (see Fig. 6). It is providedwith a set screw 13 by means of which the arm 12 may be clamped to saidstanchion 1| at any desirable height.

A lug 14 extending upwardly from said arm 12 having extendingtherethrough a bolt 15 provides means for pivoting a bifurcated lever16. The bifurcated ends 11 and 18 of the lever 16 are provided withslots 19 and 80 through which the bolt extends. It will be noted thatthis lever straddles the stanchion 1| and the free end portion 8| of thelever 16 has a downwardly extending rod 82 which is connected to thelever by a yolk 83 and bolt 84. This rod 82 extends through an opening85 in the arm 12. Its lower free end is fixed to a tile contacting padB6 which may be of any suitable material, such as rubber. An annularfiange 61 fixed to the rod 82 provides a shoulder for supporting a coilspring 88. The upper end of the coil spring rests against the lowersurface of the arm 12. This spring normally urges the pad 86 downwardlyagainst the tile T placed on the carriage 5|. It will be observed thatthe vertical adjustment feature of the hold-down clamp 10 provides foraccommodating any thickness of tile. thickness of tile insert and removetile to be cut in its proper position since all that is required is tolift the lever handle 8| with suicient force to compress the spring 88.When a tile is in place the spring is of suflicient force to hold it inpiace during the cutting operation.

The carriage 5| is also provided with a splash guard 89. A back stop 96which has a graduated scale 9| provides a buttress against which tilemay be rigidly held on the work surface 54 of the carriage 5|. It willbe noted that a modified form of back stop 98a (Fig. 9) may be used.This is desirable in some instances because it facilitates angularsawing. It comprises a back stop 93a pivoted to the carriage 51a. at Slaand having an arcuately slotted arm 92ar engaging a bolt 93a fixed tothe carriage and a clamping nut 34a.

The carriage 5| may be operated to and fro automatically by means of anoil operated piston and cylinder. The cylinder is xed to the frameunderneath the carriage. The free end |0| of the piston rod is fixed tothe carriage as bynuts |02 screwed on the end `of the rod extendingthrough a downwardly extending lug |03 of the carriage. A bolt |04 mayserve as a stop to limit the inward movement of the carriage 5| and alike bolt (not shown) at the opposite end of channel I6 may serve as astop to limit the outward movement. Or, the stroke of the piston |05 maybe regulated for desired limited lateral movement of the carriage.

Provision is made in the oil circulating system for relatively slow orspeed controlled inward movement of the carriage during cutting and arapid return after the cutting operation. The oil operates in a closedsystem (see Fig. 3 and Fig. 12). Oil is drawn from storage pot |06through conduit |01 intothe intake side of a rotary pump |08 which isdriven by armature shaft |09 of the electric motor l0 xed to the frameof the machine, through clutch engaging the drive shaft ||2 of the oilpump |08. .f

The oil is discharged into conduit H3. A pressure regulator valve ||4 inconduit ||5 is connected with the conduit ||3 and the return conduit ||6which is connected with the storage pot |06. vThe oil passes throughconduit |3 into a port ||1 of a fourway hand controlled operating valve||8. This type of operating valve is well known and is arranged to becperated by a hand lever ||9 extending above the cover plate 8. valve 8is connected by conduit ||6 returning to the storage pot.

When the hand lever ||9 is moved toward the rear of the machine (in thedirection of arrow |20, Fig. 10) the oil passes through port H1 of ifthe valve ||8 through the valve and thence through port |22a and conduit|22. This causes the piston to move toward the rear carrying the platen5| toward the rear (herein called the forward movement of the carriage).The oil iiows from the cylinder |00 through conduit |23 thence through aspecially constructed regulating valve |24, presently to be described,thence through conduit |25 into port |26 of the fourway operating valve||8.

The specially constructed valve is a variable ow check valve designatedgenerally by reference character |24 (see Fig. 8). It comprises a bodyhaving ports |3| and |32. Within the body |30 is a gate |33 hinged at|34 and designed ii to engage a seat |35. A deep pitched threaded stem|36 extends through a corresponding threaded opening |31 in the neck |38of the body of the valve. The neck is threaded to accommodate a ring |39providing a packing gland in :'51

which may :be inserted a suitable packing |40. Another closable port |4|provides means for getting to the gate |33 inside the body. The innerend |42 of the stem engages a shoulder |43 on the gate |33. The outsideend |44 of the valve stem is provided with a stem arm |45 fixed at oneend |46 to the stem. The opposite end of the stem arm has an outwardlyextending rod |41 passing through an arcuate slot |48 in a flange |49fixed to the f-rame of the machine (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 8). is mountedon the rod.

Hence, by moving the rod |41 in the slot |48 the valve stem |36 isrotated. Thus, the gate |33 may be caused to rest against the end |42 ofA clamping nut |50 The exhaust port ||6a of the :r

the stem |36 and prevented from seating when oil passes in the directionof arrow |5| (Fig. 8). Consequently, the rate of ow of oil in thedirection of arrow |5| may be varied and controlled since the pressurein the system remains constant by reason of pressure regulator valve H5.Furthermore, the clamping nut |50 is quickly adjustable and accordingly,the rate of movement of the platen is readily controlled in its forwardmovement. This movement, brought about by moving the handle H9 towa-rdthe rear of the machine, causes the oil t-o flow through the fourwayoperating valve I8, through conduit |22, causing piston |05 to move inthe direction of arrow |52 (Fig. 4). The rate of movement is controlledby the gate |33 since the oil on conduit |23 then is owing in thedirection of arrow |5| (Fig. 8).

When the platen 5| reaches its furthermost inward or forward movement,excess oil may be exhausted through fourway valve ||8 through exhaustport ||1 through return conduit ||6 to the circulating system. It willbe noted that tile T placed on the work surface will be sawed on theforward movement.

After the tile is sawed, the hand lever ||9 of the fourway operatingvalve is moved toward the front of the machine causing the oil to iiowin the opposite direction through the cylinder |00 and the speciallyconstructed variable ow 'check valve |24. Since the gate |33 will openfreely when oil is flowing in the direction of the arrow |53 (Fig. 8),the piston |05 is caused to return very rapidly and with it the platen5|.

Hence, the speed of the platen forwardly may be adjusted to meet tilecutting conditions and the speed will be determined by depth of cutdesired, kind and size of tile, etc. Moreover, the platen may bereturned very quickly after the tile is sawed, thus resulting in greatsaving of time. Consequently, uniformity of operation with consequentsaving of undesirable wear and tear on the machine, which otherwisewould result, is effected.

In addition to the oil system, a water circulating system is providedoperating from the same electric motor H0. Armature shaft |60 isconnected through clutch |6| to the drive shaft |62 of a rotary pump|63. This pump takes suction from storage tank |64 through conduit |65.The water is discharged from the pump |63 through conduit |66. Apressure regulator Valve |61 in this line may :be adjusted to maintain adesired pressure through conduit |68 connected with an adjustable nozzle|69 fixed to motor casing 24. A valve |10 is provided to turn on andshut off the water to the nozzle. The nozzle |99 is adjusted to throwwater for cooling the rotating saw and to keep down undesirable dust.Excess water from the pressure regulator valve |61 may be dischargedthrough conduit |1| into a collecting pan |12 xed in the base of themachine.

The water discharged from nozzle |69 after serving its purpose ofcooling the cutting surfaces, flows from the Work piece surface, andaided by splash guard 89 is carried into the trough of the carriage fromwhich it drains through drain pipe |13 into collecting pan |12. 'I'henthe water, carrying dust from the sawing operation, may gravitate into alower level settling tank |14 through conduit |15 where substantiallyall of the dust settles out and practically clear water overflowsthrough port |16 into storage tank |64. This arrangement has been foundin practice to eliminate entirely the dust nuisance usually encounteredin and around tile sawing operations. Y

A typical tile sawing operation will comprise adjustment of the heightof the rotary cutter to accommodate the particular size of tile whichmay be of the glazed or finished face type, as shown in Fig. 2. The tileT is placed face up on the work piece surface 54 and buttressed againstthe back stop S and clamped on the platen in proper place according tomeasurement. The scale 9i may be used if desired for proper measurement.Ordinarily it will sufce to saw a groove of approximately one-half tothreefourths inch in depth. When so adjusted, the platen is caused tomove forward, at the desired speed which will be regulated by adjustingand clamping the stem arm |45. The forward movement is brought about bymoving handle H9 forward. The tile will encounter the rotating saw 2|which, it will be understood, is caused to rotate by motor 28.Simultaneously, motor H0 causes circulation of oil and the water.

After the desired groove is cut in the tile T, the platen will returnquickly, the lever |8I may be lifted, the sawed tile removed and theoperation repeated as desired by inserting tile to be cut under thehold-down device.

It is usually necessary only to cut a shallow groove in the face of thetile after which the mason, by a single stroke of his hammer, may dividethe tile leaving a finished edge on the face corresponding to. the otheredges of the tile. However, if desired, a deeper groove may be sawed, itbeing understood, of course, that the operation will be carried on tomeet conditions existing in the field where the work is done.

While certain novel features of the invention have been disclosed andare pointed out in the annexed claims, it will be understood thatvarious omissions, substitutions and changes may be made by thoseskilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What is claimed is:

l. In a tile sawing machine of the character described, a pair ofchannels providing trackways having upper and lower bearing surfaces,and a carriage mounted for reciprocating movement along said trackways,said carriage comprising a work supporting top, legs dependingtherefrom, a pair of oppositely disposed front wheels mounted on saidlegs near the front end of said carriage, a pair of oppositely disposedrear wheels mounted on said legs near the rear end of said carriage,said wheels riding on said lower bearing surfaces, a pair of oppositelydisposed upwardly extending slots in said legs intermediate said frontand rear wheels, a shaft mounted in each of said slots, and a wheelmounted on each of said shafts providing a pair of oppositely disposedintermediate wheels, said shafts being vertically adjustable in saidslots whereby said intermediate wheels may be positicned to ride on saidupper bearing surfaces and prevent vertical play of said carriage whenreciprocated.

2. In a machine for sawing tile of the character described including aframe, a carriage having a work supporting surface, a plurality of pairsof oppositely disposed Wheels mounted for rotation on said carriage, apair of channels transverse of said frame providing trackways having apair of upper and a pair of lower bearing surfaces for reciprocatingmovement of said carriage, two pairs of said wheels riding on said lowerbearing surfaces and another pair of said wheels disposed intermediatesaid two pairs riding on said upper bearing surfaces, saidintermediately disposed pair of wheels being vertically adjustable onsaid carriage to insure engagement of all of said wheels with theirrespective bearing surfaces whereby to prevent vertical play of saidcarriage, and means including laterally extending members mounted onsaid carriage adjustable for preventing sidewise play of said carriage.

3. In a tile sawing machine of the character described, a pair ofparallel trackways having upper and lower bearing surfaces and acarriage mounted fr reciprocating movement along said trackways, saidcarriage comprising a work supporting top, a pair of front wheels and apair of rear Wheels rotatably mounted on said carriage and riding onsaid lower bearing surfaces, another pair of oppositely disposed,vertically adjustable wheels rotatably mounted on said carriage andadjusted to ride on said upper bearing surfaces to insure engagement ofall of said wheels with their respective bearing surfaces whereby toprevent vertical play of said carriage when reciprocated along saidtrackways, outwardly extending, laterally adjustable members mounted onsaid carriage engaging said trackways to prevent sidewise play of saidcarriage when reciprocated along said trackways, and means connected tosaid carriage to provide reciprocal movement thereof.

4. In a tile sawing machine of the character described, a pair ofchannels mounted in the frame of said machine providing trackways havingupper and lower bearing surfaces, a carriage mounted for reciprocatingmovement along said trackways, said carriage comprising a worksupporting top, a pair of oppositely disposed front wheels mounted onsaid carriage and a pair of oppositely disposed rear wheels mounted onsaid carriage riding on said lower bearing surfaces, a pair ofvertically adjustable, oppositely disopsed wheels on said carriageintermediate said front and rear wheels and riding on said upperbearing. surfaces providing adjustable wheel means for preventingvertical play of said carriage when reciprocated, and an angularlyadjustable backstop mounted on said carriage to facilitate the sawing oftile along a line at an angle to the normal edge of the tile.l

5. In a machine of the character described, a pair of trackways eachhaving upper and lower bearing surfaces, a carriage mounted forreciprocating movement along said trackways, said carriage including awork supporting top, a pair of oppositely disposed front wheelsrotatably mounted on said carriage and a pair of oppositely disposedrear wheels rotatably mounted on said carriage riding on said lowerbearing surfaces, a pair of vertically adjustable, oppositely disposedwheels rotatably mounted on said carriage intermediate said front andrear wheels riding on said upper bearing surfaces and providingadjustable means for preventing vertical play of said carriage whenreciprocated, and an hydraulically operated piston rod directlyconnected to said carriage operative to reciprocate said carriage alongsaid trackways.

WILLIAM W. PEARSON.

